1. Bronchioles: The are the air passages in your lungs. The air you inhale moves through these tubes. They are often referred to as the bronchiolar passages or simply air passages.
2. Bronchiole muscles: These are muscles that wrap around the bronchioles. They are often referred to as bronchiolar muscles,
3. Bronchoconstriction: This is when bronchiolar muscles spasm and squeeze the air passages causing them to become narrow. This makes it so air has trouble moving past the constriction. This is the main component of an asthma attack.
4. Bronchodilation: This is when the air passages open up, or when broncoconstriction is reversed. This is what's necessary to reverse an asthma attack.
5. Beta 2 Adrenergic Receptors (B2): These are receptors that line bronchiolar muscles. Stimulation of these causes bronchodilation. They are often referred to as B2 receptors. The ideal bronchodilator is specific to these receptors.
6. Beta 1 Adrenergic Receptors (B1): Line heart muscle and, when stimulated, cause vasodilation, increase blood pressure, and speed up rate and strength of heart rate. The ideal bronchodilator will not be selective to these receptors to limit side effects.
7. Alpha 1 Adrenergic Receptors (A1): Line heart muscle and, when stimulated, cause vasodilation, increase blood pressure, and speed up rate and strength of heart rate. The ideal bronchodilator will not be selective to these receptors to limit side effects.
6. Beta 1 Adrenergic Receptors (B1): Line heart muscle and, when stimulated, cause vasodilation, increase blood pressure, and speed up rate and strength of heart rate. The ideal bronchodilator will not be selective to these receptors to limit side effects.
7. Alpha 1 Adrenergic Receptors (A1): Line heart muscle and, when stimulated, cause vasodilation, increase blood pressure, and speed up rate and strength of heart rate. The ideal bronchodilator will not be selective to these receptors to limit side effects.
8. Beta 2 adrenergics: This is medicine that sits on B2 receptors and cause bronchodilation. These are sometimes referred to as beta agonists, B2 agonists, front door bronchodilators, asthma rescue medicine, or rescue medicine. I prefer the term rescue medicine. Examples include epinephrine, metaproterenol , albuterol, and levalbuterol.
9. Acytylcholine: This is a neurotransmitter that sits on receptor sites on bronchiole muscles and cause bronchoconstriction.
10. Anticholinergic medicine: This is medicine that sits on receptor sites and prevent acetylcholine from causing bronchoconstriction. In this way, this type of medicine is a bronchodilator, or a back door bronchodilator. I prefer to refer to them as back door bronchodilators. Examples include Atropine, Ipatropium Bromide, and Tiatropium Bromide
11. Catahhr: This is an old term that means swelling of the respiratory tract that causes increased secretions. It's usually used to refer to inflammation and drainage of the nose, or simply hay fever. This is an ancient term that's hardly used anymore.
12. Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC): A liquified gas propellant used in used in asthma inhalers until the Montreal Protocol was signed in the late 1990s and a goal was set to ban the propellant to protect the ozone.
13. Hydroflouroalkane (HFA): A new propellant used in inhalers that is safe for the environment. Most inhalers on the market now use this propellant or are propellant free.
14. Montreal Protocol: A pact by various countries to ban CFC propellants and replace them by something else.
11. Catahhr: This is an old term that means swelling of the respiratory tract that causes increased secretions. It's usually used to refer to inflammation and drainage of the nose, or simply hay fever. This is an ancient term that's hardly used anymore.
12. Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC): A liquified gas propellant used in used in asthma inhalers until the Montreal Protocol was signed in the late 1990s and a goal was set to ban the propellant to protect the ozone.
13. Hydroflouroalkane (HFA): A new propellant used in inhalers that is safe for the environment. Most inhalers on the market now use this propellant or are propellant free.
14. Montreal Protocol: A pact by various countries to ban CFC propellants and replace them by something else.
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